Hutchinson,SterlingLouwerse,Max M2025-02-012025-02-012014-04Hutchinson, S & Louwerse, M M 2014, 'Language statistics explain the spatial-numerical association of response codes', Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 470-478. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0492-21069-9384ORCID: /0000-0003-0328-7070/work/11585681310.3758/s13423-013-0492-2https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14602/61641The spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) has shown that parity judgments with participants' left hands yield faster response times (RTs) for smaller numbers than for larger numbers, with the opposite result for right-hand responses. These findings have been explained by participants perceptually simulating magnitude on a mental number line. In three RT experiments, we showed that the SNARC effect can also be explained by language statistics. Participants made parity judgments of number words (Exp. 1) and Arabic numerals (Exp. 2). Linguistic frequencies of the number words and numbers mirrored the SNARC effect, explaining aspects of processing that a perceptual simulation account could not. In Experiment 3, we investigated whether high- and low-frequency nonnumerical words would also elicit a SNARC-like effect. Again, RTs were faster for high-frequency words for left-hand responses, with the opposite result for right-hand responses. These results demonstrate that what has only been attributed to perceptual simulation should also be attributed to language statistics.enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccessSNARCNumerical cognitionPeceptual simulationEmbodied cognitionNumber processingSymbol interdependencyLanguage statisticsArticleGeneral rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. - Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. - You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain - You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal" Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.42969439https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/5972250d-857a-4261-9cc1-2c3ce396293c(c) Universiteit van TilburgHutchinson, Sterling§0000-0001-7442-2335Louwerse, Max M§0000-0003-0328-7070