Age and gender differences in self-esteem: A cross-cultural window
Bleidorn,Wiebke Arslan,R.C. Denissen,J.J.A. Rentfrow,P.J. Gebauer,J.E. Potter,J. Gosling,S.D.
Bleidorn,Wiebke
Arslan,R.C.
Denissen,J.J.A.
Rentfrow,P.J.
Gebauer,J.E.
Potter,J.
Gosling,S.D.
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Abstract
Research and theorizing on gender and age differences in self-esteem have played a prominent role in psychology over the past 20 years. However, virtually all empirical research has been undertaken in the United States or other Western industrialized countries, providing a narrow empirical base from which to draw conclusions and develop theory. To broaden the empirical base, the present research uses a large Internet sample (N = 985,937) to provide the first large-scale systematic cross-cultural examination of gender and age differences in self-esteem. Across 48 nations, and consistent with previous research, we found age-related increases in self-esteem from late adolescence to middle adulthood and significant gender gaps, with males consistently reporting higher self-esteem than females. Despite these broad cross-cultural similarities, the cultures differed significantly in the magnitude of gender, age, and Gender × Age effects on self-esteem. These differences were associated with cultural differences in socioeconomic, sociodemographic, gender-equality, and cultural value indicators. Discussion focuses on the theoretical implications of cross-cultural research on self-esteem.
Description
Date
2016
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Volume Title
Publisher
Research Projects
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Keywords
SDG 5 - Gender Equality, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities
Citation
Bleidorn, W, Arslan, R C, Denissen, J J A, Rentfrow, P J, Gebauer, J E, Potter, J & Gosling, S D 2016, 'Age and gender differences in self-esteem : A cross-cultural window', Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 396-410. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000078