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Clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and obstructive coronary artery disease
van Schalkwijk,Dinah Mommersteeg,Paula M.C. Widdershoven,Jos Smaardijk,Veerle Bekendam,Maria Vermeltfoort,I.A.C. Magro,Michael
van Schalkwijk,Dinah
Mommersteeg,Paula M.C.
Widdershoven,Jos
Smaardijk,Veerle
Bekendam,Maria
Vermeltfoort,I.A.C.
Magro,Michael
Abstract
Study objective Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is caused by vascular dysfunctions and predominantly seen in women. For better recognition and prevention more insight is needed on risk factors and well-being. We aimed to explore differences in psychological distress, quality of life, risk factors, and medication use between women with INOCA and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients from two separate studies (n = 373, 57 % women) completed a questionnaire assessing psychological and clinical factors. Analyses were performed for women only who were categorized into three groups: non-ischemic chest pain (n = 115), INOCA (n = 68), and obstructive CAD (n = 30). Secondary analyses were performed for men only, and sex differences within INOCA patients were explored. Results and conclusion Compared to obstructive CAD patients, INOCA patients reported better physical functioning (p = 0.041). Furthermore, INOCA patients had less often hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.001), were less often active smokers (p = 0.062), had a lower mean BMI (p = 0.022), and reported more often a familial history of CAD (p = 0.004). Patients with INOCA used antithrombotic, cholesterol lowering medications, and beta-blockers less often than patients with obstructive CAD. No differences between patients with INOCA and obstructive CAD were found for psychological distress, well-being, and for women-specific risk factors. The results suggest that women with INOCA experience similar levels of psychological distress and seem to have different risk factor profiles and are less optimally treated as compared to obstructive CAD patients. Further research on risk factors is needed for better prevention and treatment.
Description
This work was supported by ‘We Care’ from Tilburg University and Elisabeth-Tweesteden hospital [grant number WeCare2019] and the Dutch Heart Foundation (de Hartstichting) [grant number #2019T102].
Date
2023
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Publisher
Research Projects
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Keywords
Cardiovascular risk factors, Health-related quality of life, Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA), Medication use, Psychological distress, Well-being, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Citation
van Schalkwijk, D, Mommersteeg, P M C, Widdershoven, J, Smaardijk, V, Bekendam, M, Vermeltfoort, I A C & Magro, M 2023, 'Clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and obstructive coronary artery disease', American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice, vol. 27, 100282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100282
License
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess