Emotion regulation and self-criticism in children and adolescence: Longitudinal networks of transdiagnostic risk factors
Gadassi-Polack,R. Everaert,J. Uddenberg,C. Kober,H. Joormann,J.
Gadassi-Polack,R.
Everaert,J.
Uddenberg,C.
Kober,H.
Joormann,J.
Abstract
Adolescence is a time of heightened risk for the development of psychopathology. Difficulties in emotion regulation and heightened levels of self-criticism are two processes that have been proposed as critical risk factors. Considering the accumulating evidence that risk factors rarely work in isolation, there is a pressing need to examine how self-criticism and emotion regulations strategies interact. The present study utilizes a network analysis approach to address this goal. One-hundred and thirty-five children and adolescence (ages 8-15) completed daily-diaries every evening for 21 days (total N of assessments = 2564), reporting self-criticism and use of emotion regulation strategies focused on negative and positive emotions. Network analysis was applied to estimate contemporaneous, temporal, and between-person networks. Results show that emotion regulation strategies are generally positively associated with each other at the within and between individual levels. As predicted, self-criticism was positively associated with rumination and dampening at the between and within-person networks; unexpectedly, problem-solving also clustered with them in the contemporaneous network. Moreover, problem-solving led to next-day increases in rumination and dampening, whereas self-criticism led to next-day increases in rumination but decreases in dampening. Finally, distraction in response to negative affect was closely tied with strategies that up-regulate positive affect. Collectively, these results shed light on the complex pathways through which self-criticism and emotion regulation interact over time.
Description
Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health Translational Developmental Neuroscience Training Grant (T32 MH18268), The Israeli Council for Higher Education Postdoctoral Research Fellowship for Women, and theMarie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (786460) under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program awarded to Reuma Gadassi Polack, by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Research Foundation?Flanders (1202119N) awarded to Jonas Everaert, and the National Institute ofMental Health R21MH119552 awarded to Jutta Joormann and Hedy Kober. We thank Haran Sened and Itay Polack Gadassi for their help setting up the study, the research assistants who helped with data collection, and the families who participated. All authors declare no conflict of interests Publisher Copyright: © 2021 American Psychological Association
Date
2021
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Research Projects
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Keywords
ANXIETY, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, DYSREGULATION, GENDER-DIFFERENCES, IDENTITY FORMATION, MOOD DISORDERS, POSITIVE AFFECT, REGULATION STRATEGIES, RESPONSES, RUMINATION, adolescents, daily diary, emotion regulation, network analysis, self-criticism
Citation
Gadassi-Polack, R, Everaert, J, Uddenberg, C, Kober, H & Joormann, J 2021, 'Emotion regulation and self-criticism in children and adolescence : Longitudinal networks of transdiagnostic risk factors', Emotion, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 1438-1451. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001041
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info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess