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Gender differences in the employment effects of climate policy

Curuk,Malik
; 
Rozendaal,Rik
; 
Wendler,Tobias
Abstract
This paper investigates gender differences in labor market responses to changes in energy prices in European regions. We use a shift-share instrumental variable approach to exploit exogenous variation in regions' exposure to energy price shocks, which are a proxy for more stringent climate policy. We document a negative effect of energy prices on the employment rate for women but not for men, which leads to a rise in the gender gap in employment rates and persists beyond the short-run. Exploring the mechanisms, we find evidence that the gendered employment responses are stronger in clerical occupations, for workers with low education and for cohabiting women. Women also exhibit a lower increase in cross-regional commuting in response to energy price increases.
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Date
2025-05
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Tilburg University Research Output Collection
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Keywords
Climate policy, Employment, Energy prices, Gender differences, SDG 1 - No Poverty, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, SDG 13 - Climate Action
Citation
Curuk, M, Rozendaal, R & Wendler, T 2025, 'Gender differences in the employment effects of climate policy', Energy Economics, vol. 145, 108394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108394
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14602/104192
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