Loading...
Associations of total legume, pulse, and soy consumption with incident type 2 diabetes: Federated meta-analysis of 27 studies from diverse world regions
Pearce,M. Fanidi,A. Bishop,T.R.P. Sharp,S.J. Imamura,F. Dietrich,S. Akbaraly,T. Bes-Rastrollo,M. Beulens,J.W.J. Byberg,L.
Pearce,M.
Fanidi,A.
Bishop,T.R.P.
Sharp,S.J.
Imamura,F.
Dietrich,S.
Akbaraly,T.
Bes-Rastrollo,M.
Beulens,J.W.J.
Byberg,L.
Abstract
Background The consumption of legumes is promoted as part of a healthy diet in many countries but associations of total and types of legume consumption with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are not well established. Analyses across diverse populations are lacking despite the availability of unpublished legume consumption data in prospective cohort studies. Objective To examine the prospective associations of total and types of legume intake with the risk of incident T2D. Methods Meta-analyses of associations between total legume, pulse, and soy consumption and T2D were conducted using a federated approach without physical data-pooling. Prospective cohorts were included if legume exposure and T2D outcome data were available and the cohort investigators agreed to participate. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and CIs of associations using individual participant data including ≤42,473 incident cases among 807,785 adults without diabetes in 27 cohorts across the Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, and Western Pacific. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to combine effect estimates and estimate heterogeneity. Results Median total legume intake ranged from 0–140 g/d across cohorts. We observed a weak positive association between total legume consumption and T2D (IRR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.04) per 20 g/d higher intake, with moderately high heterogeneity (I2 = 74%). Analysis by region showed no evidence of associations in the Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, and Western Pacific. The positive association in Europe (IRR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.10, I2 = 82%) was mainly driven by studies from Germany, UK, and Sweden. No evidence of associations was observed for the consumption of pulses or soy. Conclusions These findings suggest no evidence of an association of legume intakes with T2D in several world regions. The positive association observed in some European studies warrants further investigation relating to overall dietary contexts in which legumes are consumed, including accompanying foods which may be positively associated with T2D.
Description
Funding for the InterConnect project was provided by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 602068.
Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Keywords
DIETARY PATTERNS, FRUIT, INDEX, MELLITUS, OUTCOMES, PRODUCT, QUALITY, RISK, TABLES, WOMEN, bean, chickpea, diabetes, legumes, lentil, pea, peanut, pulse, soy, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Citation
Pearce, M, Fanidi, A, Bishop, T R P, Sharp, S J, Imamura, F, Dietrich, S, Akbaraly, T, Bes-Rastrollo, M, Beulens, J W J, Byberg, L, Canhada, S, Molina, M, Chen, Z, Cortes-Valencia, A, Du, H, Duncan, B B, Harkanen, T, Hashemian, M, Kim, J, Kim, M K, Kim, Y, Knekt, P, Kromhout, D, Lassale, C, Ridaura, R L, Magliano, D J, Malekzadeh, R, Marquez-Vidal, P, Martinez-Gonzalez, M A, O'Donoghue, G, O'Gorman, D, Shaw, J E, Soedamah-Muthu, S S, Stern, D, Wolk, A, Woo, H W, Wareham, N J & Forouhi, N G 2021, 'Associations of total legume, pulse, and soy consumption with incident type 2 diabetes : Federated meta-analysis of 27 studies from diverse world regions', The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 151, no. 5, pp. 1231-1240. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa447