A Computational Evaluation of Two Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing in Aphasia
Lisson,Paula Pregla,Dorothea Nicenboim,Bruno Paape,Dario Nederend,Mick L. Vanhet Burchert,Frank Stadie,Nicole Caplan,David Vasishth,Shravan
Lisson,Paula
Pregla,Dorothea
Nicenboim,Bruno
Paape,Dario
Nederend,Mick L. Vanhet
Burchert,Frank
Stadie,Nicole
Caplan,David
Vasishth,Shravan
Abstract
Can sentence comprehension impairments in aphasia be explained by difficulties arising from dependency completion processes in parsing? Two distinct models of dependency completion difficulty are investigated, the Lewis and Vasishth (2005) activation-based model and the direct-access model (DA; McElree, 2000). These models' predictive performance is compared using data from individuals with aphasia (IWAs) and control participants. The data are from a self-paced listening task involving subject and object relative clauses. The relative predictive performance of the models is evaluated using k-fold cross-validation. For both IWAs and controls, the activation-based model furnishes a somewhat better quantitative fit to the data than the DA. Model comparisons using Bayes factors show that, assuming an activation-based model, intermittent deficiencies may be the best explanation for the cause of impairments in IWAs, although slowed syntax and lexical delayed access may also play a role. This is the first computational evaluation of different models of dependency completion using data from impaired and unimpaired individuals. This evaluation develops a systematic approach that can be used to quantitatively compare the predictions of competing models of language processing.
Description
Funding Information: This study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Project number 317633480 – SFB 1287, project B02 (PIs: Shravan Vasishth, Frank Burchert, and Nicole Stadie). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Cognitive Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Cognitive Science Society (CSS).
Date
2021-04
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Keywords
Aphasia, Cue-based retrieval, Sentence processing, Bayesian cognitive modeling, k-fold cross-validation, SIMILARITY-BASED INTERFERENCE, EYE-TRACKING, TIME-COURSE, SYNTACTIC COMPREHENSION, LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, WORKING-MEMORY, DEFICITS, ACTIVATION, CHOICE
Citation
Lisson, P, Pregla, D, Nicenboim, B, Paape, D, Nederend, M L V, Burchert, F, Stadie, N, Caplan, D & Vasishth, S 2021, 'A Computational Evaluation of Two Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing in Aphasia', Cognitive Science, vol. 45, no. 4, e12956. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12956