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Association of parental mental illness with anxiety and depression in adulthood: The role of potentially contributing factors
Brummelhuis,I.A.M. Videler,A.C. Kop,W.J.
Brummelhuis,I.A.M.
Videler,A.C.
Kop,W.J.
Abstract
Objective Children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI) are at risk of developing mental disorders in adulthood, especially anxiety disorders and depression. The role of the family environment and demographic factors as related to adult anxiety and depression is insufficiently understood. We examined potentially contributing factors in the associations between a COPMI background with anxiety and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Method Cross-sectional general population-based study. Instruments were the General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and a questionnaire to evaluate self-reported history of a COPMI background and family-related experiences (CEPMIF). Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the role of demographic and family-related factors in the association of a self-reported COPMI background with the level of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results Of the 942 participants (mean age 48.1 (SD = 16.2) years; 53.7 % women), 116 (12.3 %) had a COPMI background. A COPMI background was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Within individuals with a COPMI background, relationship problems within the family were associated with elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Limitations The cross-sectional design does not allow for causal inferences, COPMI background was based on participant's self-report, and the type of parental mental disorder was not considered. Conclusions Adults with a COPMI background have higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Dysfunctional family relationships during childhood were associated with the severity of mental health problems of adults who grew up with a mentally ill parent. There is a need for targeted interventions for adult COPMI.
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Date
2024-04-01
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Research Projects
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Keywords
Adult children of parents with a mental illness, Anxiety, Depression
Citation
Brummelhuis, I A M, Videler, A C & Kop, W J 2024, 'Association of parental mental illness with anxiety and depression in adulthood : The role of potentially contributing factors', Journal of Affective Disorders, vol. 350, pp. 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.027