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Dairy product consumption in relation to incident prediabetes and longitudinal insulin resistance in the Rotterdam Study
Slurink,Isabel Voortman,Trudy Ochoa-Rosales,Carolina Ahmadizar,Fariba Kavousi,Maryam Kupper,N. Smeets,Tom Soedamah-Muthu,Sabita
Slurink,Isabel
Voortman,Trudy
Ochoa-Rosales,Carolina
Ahmadizar,Fariba
Kavousi,Maryam
Kupper,N.
Smeets,Tom
Soedamah-Muthu,Sabita
Abstract
Evidence suggests neutral or moderately beneficial effects of dairy intake on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk. Nevertheless, evidence on associations with early phases of type 2 diabetes remains inconsistent. We aimed to examine associations between dairy-type intake with prediabetes risk and longitudinal insulin resistance. The analytic sample consisted of 6770 participants (aged 62 ± 4 years, 59% female) free of (pre-)diabetes at baseline from the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study. Dairy intake was measured at baseline using food frequency questionnaires. Data on prediabetes (fasting blood glucose 6.1–6.9 mmol/L or non-fasting 7.7–11.1 mmol/L) and the longitudinal homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were available from 1993–2015. Associations with these outcomes were analyzed with dairy intake in quartiles (Q4 vs. Q1) and continuous using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and linear mixed models. During a mean follow-up of 11.3 ± 4.8 years, 1139 incident prediabetes cases were documented (18.8%). In models adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and dietary factors, a higher intake of high-fat yogurt was associated with lower prediabetes risk (HRQ4vsQ1 0.70, 95% CI 0.54–0.91 and HRserving/day 0.67, 0.51–0.89). In addition, a higher intake of high-fat milk was associated with lower prediabetes risk (HRQ4vsQ1 0.81, 0.67–0.97, HRserving/day 0.88, 0.79–0.99). Associations were found for low-fat dairy, low-fat milk and total cheese with a higher prediabetes risk (HRserving/day ranging from 1.05–1.07, not significant in quartiles). Associations with longitudinal HOMA-IR were similar to prediabetes for high-fat yogurt, low-fat dairy and low-fat milk. Fermented dairy, low-fat yogurt, high-fat cheese, cream and ice cream were not associated with the outcomes. In conclusion, a higher intake of high-fat yogurt was associated with a lower prediabetes risk and lower longitudinal insulin resistance. Additionally, high-fat milk was associated with a lower prediabetes risk. Some low-fat dairy types were inconsistently associated with these outcomes. Studies are needed to confirm associations and to examine the influence of confounding by population characteristics.
Description
Funding: This research was funded by an unrestricted grant from the Dutch Dairy Association (Nederlandse Zuivel Organisatie) to S.S.S.-M
Date
2022
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Keywords
ALL-CAUSE, ASSOCIATIONS, DOSE-RESPONSE METAANALYSIS, FOODS, GLUCOSE, HEALTH, MORTALITY, QUESTIONNAIRE, RISK, TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS, dairy, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, milk, prediabetes, prospective cohort, type 2 diabetes, yogurt, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Citation
Slurink, I, Voortman, T, Ochoa-Rosales, C, Ahmadizar, F, Kavousi, M, Kupper, N, Smeets, T & Soedamah-Muthu, S 2022, 'Dairy product consumption in relation to incident prediabetes and longitudinal insulin resistance in the Rotterdam Study', Nutrients, vol. 14, no. 3, 415. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030415